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  <div class="section" id="working-with-files">
<h1>Working with Files<a class="headerlink" href="#working-with-files" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<p>CodeIgniter provides a File class that wraps the <a class="reference external" href="https://www.php.net/manual/en/class.splfileinfo.php">SplFileInfo</a> class
and provides some additional convenience methods. This class is the base class for <a class="reference internal" href="uploaded_files.html"><span class="doc">uploaded files</span></a>
and <a class="reference internal" href="images.html"><span class="doc">images</span></a>.</p>
<div class="contents local topic" id="contents">
<ul class="simple">
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#getting-a-file-instance" id="id1">Getting a File instance</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#taking-advantage-of-spl" id="id2">Taking Advantage of Spl</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#new-features" id="id3">New Features</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#moving-files" id="id4">Moving Files</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="getting-a-file-instance">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id1">Getting a File instance</a><a class="headerlink" href="#getting-a-file-instance" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>You create a new File instance by passing in the path to the file in the constructor.
By default, the file does not need to exist. However, you can pass an additional argument of “true”
to check that the file exists and throw <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">FileNotFoundException()</span></code> if it does not.</p>
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$file</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="nx">\CodeIgniter\Files\File</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$path</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="taking-advantage-of-spl">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id2">Taking Advantage of Spl</a><a class="headerlink" href="#taking-advantage-of-spl" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Once you have an instance, you have the full power of the SplFileInfo class at the ready, including:</p>
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1">// Get the file&#39;s basename</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nv">$file</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">getBasename</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="c1">// Get last modified time</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nv">$file</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">getMTime</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="c1">// Get the true real path</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nv">$file</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">getRealPath</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="c1">// Get the file permissions</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nv">$file</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">getPerms</span><span class="p">();</span>

<span class="c1">// Write CSV rows to it.</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$file</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">isWritable</span><span class="p">())</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
    <span class="nv">$csv</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$file</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">openFile</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;w&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>

    <span class="k">foreach</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$rows</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nv">$row</span><span class="p">)</span>
    <span class="p">{</span>
        <span class="nv">$csv</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">fputcsv</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$row</span><span class="p">);</span>
    <span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="new-features">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id3">New Features</a><a class="headerlink" href="#new-features" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>In addition to all of the methods in the SplFileInfo class, you get some new tools.</p>
<p><strong>getRandomName()</strong></p>
<p>You can generate a cryptographically secure random filename, with the current timestamp prepended, with the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getRandomName()</span></code>
method. This is especially useful to rename files when moving it so that the filename is unguessable:</p>
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1">// Generates something like: 1465965676_385e33f741.jpg</span>
<span class="nv">$newName</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$file</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">getRandomName</span><span class="p">();</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p><strong>getSize()</strong></p>
<p>Returns the size of the uploaded file in bytes:</p>
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$size</span>     <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$file</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">getSize</span><span class="p">();</span>      <span class="c1">// 256901</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p><strong>getSizeByUnit()</strong></p>
<p>Returns the size of the uploaded file default in bytes. You can pass in either ‘kb’ or ‘mb’ as the first parameter to get
the results in kilobytes or megabytes, respectively:</p>
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$bytes</span>     <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$file</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">getSizeByUnit</span><span class="p">();</span>      <span class="c1">// 256901</span>
<span class="nv">$kilobytes</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$file</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">getSizeByUnit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;kb&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>  <span class="c1">// 250.880</span>
<span class="nv">$megabytes</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$file</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">getSizeByUnit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;mb&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>  <span class="c1">// 0.245</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p><strong>getMimeType()</strong></p>
<p>Retrieve the media type (mime type) of the file. Uses methods that are considered as secure as possible when determining
the type of file:</p>
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$type</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$file</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">getMimeType</span><span class="p">();</span>

<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nv">$type</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="c1">// image/png</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p><strong>guessExtension()</strong></p>
<p>Attempts to determine the file extension based on the trusted <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getMimeType()</span></code> method. If the mime type is unknown,
will return null. This is often a more trusted source than simply using the extension provided by the filename. Uses
the values in <strong>app/Config/Mimes.php</strong> to determine extension:</p>
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1">// Returns &#39;jpg&#39; (WITHOUT the period)</span>
<span class="nv">$ext</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$file</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">guessExtension</span><span class="p">();</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="moving-files">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id4">Moving Files</a><a class="headerlink" href="#moving-files" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>Each file can be moved to its new location with the aptly named <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">move()</span></code> method. This takes the directory to move
the file to as the first parameter:</p>
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$file</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">move</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">WRITEPATH</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="s1">&#39;uploads&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>By default, the original filename was used. You can specify a new filename by passing it as the second parameter:</p>
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$newName</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$file</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">getRandomName</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="nv">$file</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">move</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">WRITEPATH</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="s1">&#39;uploads&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$newName</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The move() method returns a new File instance that for the relocated file, so you must capture the result if the
resulting location is needed:</p>
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$file</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$file</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">move</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">WRITEPATH</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="s1">&#39;uploads&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
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